Earth Science Week Challenge Day 3: Whether the Weather

A post by Anne JeffersonThis week, we’re helping push the Geobloggers Giving Kids the Earth challenge, by promising that Chris or I will write a post on a topic chosen by our readers for each project that is fully funded by the end of the week. On Monday, we had two generous donors help ensure that Louisiana high school students got their water quality testing kits, but yesterday no one had cash to spare for North Carolina high school students to measure ocean salinity. Maybe you were all too busy working on your posters and talks for the Geological Society of America meeting?
Today, let’s take a break from the GSA preparations and scrape together $234 for budding meteorologists. Now before you all say, “I thought this was a geology blog. For what reason is she going on about weather?”, let me reply that the rocks are coming, but weather is pretty important for all stripes of earth scientists. For a hydrologist like me, it drives the water cycle that I study on and under the ground. For soil scientists, weather produces weathering, the process of breaking down rocks into dirt. Weather is what sets up moisture conditions to set off debris flows and lahars, and weather is what builds the glaciers that buzzsaw through mountain ranges. In other words, for you geologists out there, weather is what give you outcrops. Plus, the weather can determine whether you have a glorious or miserable field day.
Now that we all agree that weather is pretty crucial, let’s get on to the classroom project in need of funding. A seventh-grade teacher at a high-poverty Chicago magnet school wants to turn her class into “Weather Scientists“:

As a teacher and lover of Science, I want to instill my love for discovery and inquiry in my students. My students have shown an overwhelming interest in Science and I would like to continue the momentum gained and introduce them to the Science of Meteorology. Adding lab experiences will make this a fabulous and “real” learning opportunity for my students.
If my project is funded, the Power of Science Weather Kit will permit me to turn my students into amateur meteorologists who build their own weather stations. They will be able to measure temperature, barometric pressure, humidity, wind speed and direction, and map reading. The inflatable weather kit will allow my “meteorologists” to use props as they deliver the daily weather. The Weather Tracker Kit will allow me to introduce my students to isobars, jet streams, wind chills, and chart temperatures for different cities using bar and line graphs. Using the Weather Activity Kit my students will be able to take a journey into the world of atmosphere and air pressure, sunshine, rain, storms, wind, and strange phenomena.
This project is also important because minorities and women are under represented in the field of Science. By introducing my students to a fascinating field of Science, their interest in Science will grow and perhaps one day they will become meteorologists themselves. By participating in these realistic investigations, my students will develop a higher level of learning and retention of information than using theory only.

This teacher has spoken to my heart on so many levels: hands-on science with real-life applications with the goal of increasing diversity in the scientific workforce. This a complete win in my book, so please help me make the project a reality.
But if you are just grinning and bearing it through these water and weather projects, then tomorrow is your rocks, rocks, rocks,, and Friday’s project is going to rattle your windows. Remember, while we’ll be highlighting one project each day, all projects are part of the challenge and for each one completed by the end of the week, Chris or I will write a post on the topic of your choosing. Don’t like one of the five I’ve picked, then take a look at the rest of the Geobloggers Giving Kids the Earth giving page and find the one the best suits your fancy.
And if you are really bored or desperately avoiding working on your GSA presentation, check out all the fun links I embedded into the second paragraph.

Categories: by Anne, science education

Earth Science Week Challenge Day 2: Our Ocean Planet

A post by Anne JeffersonAs part of Earth Science Week and as a diversion from the frantic lead-up to the Geological Society of America meeting, we’re helping push the Geobloggers Giving Kids the Earth challenge. As I announced yesterday, for every one of the five projects that I’ll be highlighting this week that is fully funded by the end of the week, Chris or I will write a post on the earth science topic chosen by our readers. Yesterday, we had two generous donors help ensure that Louisiana high school students got their water quality testing kits.
Sticking with the water theme for now, since after all Earth is 71% covered by salt water, let’s turn our attention to an oceanography project that needs just $213 of donor money to complete. “How Salty is the Sea?“, is from a high poverty high school along the North Carolina coast. This project is a fantastic deal for donors, because the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation is doubling our donations. The total cost for 5 refractometers and associated necessary charges is $602, but between the foundation and previous donations, we only need to raise the last $213. The enthusiastic teacher, pictured at left, writes:

We live in an area that is undergoing rapid change and development, all of which is not necessarily viable and good. One of the environmental tipping points of our area might just be the decline of the quality of the water that surrounds our community. As a teacher, I would like to facilitate the study of the water salinity that surrounds us, testing estuarine water, the sound and the ocean. I would like to provide my marine Science and/or Environmental Science students with refractometers that are easy to use but accurate. I would like for my students to test the salinity of the water at different sites around our school campus and community and at different times of the year. With the refractometers, we should be able to test the waters, then we can use the data to compare influences in our outcomes: Will weather be a factor? Will temperature affect salinity? Does depth affect the sample? How are organisms affected by salinity rates? Once all the data is collected, my students can research our findings and make our data analysis charts.

The concept of measuring salinity in sea water might strike some as overly simple, but as someone who teaches first year university students a course with a section on the ocean, I can tell you first-hand that the concept of salinity varying in space and time is completely new to most of my students. When I show a map like the one below and ask them to explain it, most struggle mightily.
MeanSSSalin90-94POP from Penn State
Map of mean sea surface salinity from a web page at Penn State. Can you explain the pattern?
If they knew about things like the brine lake described in the David Attenborough video below, they’d be even more astonished.


Give these North Carolina high school students the chance to unlock some of the mysteries of the ocean right outside their school.
They’ll look positively brilliant compared to their future college classmates. But if you’re not a sea dog, look for tomorrow’s meteorology project. Thursday’s the day for rocks and more rocks, and Friday is going off with a boom. Remember, while we’ll be highlighting one project each day, all projects are part of the challenge and for each one completed by the end of the week, Chris or I will write a post on the topic of your choosing. Don’t like one of the five I’ve picked, then take a look at the rest of the Geobloggers Giving Kids the Earth giving page and find the one the best suits your fancy.

Categories: science education

A challenge for Earth Science Week

A post by Anne JeffersonHere in the US, we’re celebrating Earth Science Week and the lead-up to the Geological Society of America meeting. What better time to inspire the next generation of earth scientists and earth science aficionados by helping make sure that good, hands-on earth science education reaches all of America’s school children, regardless of socio-economic standing?
I’ve picked a five great projects from the Geobloggers DonorsChoose challenge that represent a spread of Earth Science disciplines, a diversity of student ages and geographies, and the many wonderful ways that teachers are trying to make Earth Science relevant to their students’ lives. In honour of Earth Science week, I’m challenging you to help me fully fund one of these projects each day this week. It’s an ambitious goal, but one I think that we can achieve if we work together, twist the arms of our friends and colleagues, and spread the world through blogs, twitter, facebook, etc.
In reward for your generous donations, for each project that we fund by the end of the week, the readers of Highly Allochthonous can request a post topic for Chris or I to write. Want to know more about paleomagnetic reversals in the Proterozoic? Or vanishing groundwater in India? Luscious forests above the Arctic Circle or the glaciers of ancient Australia? Here’s your chance to set us to the homework of answering the earth science question that you’ve been pondering.
It is Monday, so we’ll start out easy, roll up our sleeves, and contribute $108 to make water quality test kits available to high school students in Louisiana, through a project called “Healthy Water?.” The teacher writes a plaintive plea for help, describing a classroom barren of supplies and students who’ve gotten to 11th grade without ever getting to do a lab:

I want to capture and rope back in the lost scientist in the class of 2011. I teach environmental science for eleventh graders. It is a mixed class of special education students and middle to low achieving students that are not expected to attend college. My school is rural, and a high-need community. Most parents have only a high school education and do not expect to send their children to college. The students tend to accept this course of life without challenge. However, I would like to inspire the students to see there are exciting things they can do and pursue in science and around them. I also would like them to leave class with an awareness of their environment around them and how to protect it.
These students have not had much hands on science due to lack of funds in school. Most will have their very first lab experience this year. They do not understand many scientific terms because they have not had any visual or tactile experience. Also, they do not see the need to become involved in it because they do not know how it effects their life.
I need the six water quality test kits to give them hands-on experience testing, recording, and analyzing the water they live with. This helps them to see the different properties. They learn how it is tested. They learn what determines water to be safe and clean. Students will know first hand local water quality. It teaches them value and how should they treat it and protect it. It teaches them that data is important. Finally if shows them how to do a real scientific investigation.

I’ve been in high school environmental science classrooms like the one the teacher describes. If you give the students something to do and data to collect, they’ll do an enthusiastic job of it, just because they are so glad to be away from the sad norm of textbook lessons. Often these students are enrolled in environmental science, because they have to fulfill a last science credit hour and they’ve been tracked into a class that’s not part of the traditional college prep curriculum. That’s why it’s so important that we give these students a chance to do hands-on science and see how it connects to their lives – because this is the last science class most of them will ever take. This is our last chance to get them engaged with the physical and ecological world around them. Please help us get water test kits for the students in Louisiana.
If water test kits aren’t your thing, look for tomorrow’s oceanography project, or Wednesday’s meteorology project. Thursday’s finally the day for rocks and more rocks, and Friday is going off with a boom. Remember, while we’ll be highlighting one project each day, all projects are part of the challenge and for each one completed by the end of the week, Chris or I will write a post on the topic of your choosing. Don’t like one of the five I’ve picked, then take a look at the rest of the Geobloggers Giving Kids the Earth giving page and find the one the best suits your fancy.

Categories: by Anne, general science, science education

Stuff I linked to on Twitter last week

A post by Chris RowanMore interesting links that I’ve shared via Twitter over the past seven days.
This is why no-one with an ounce of sense trusts the Express on science.
http://www.badscience.net/2009/10/jabs-as-bad-as-the-cancer/
(via @SciencePunk, @jackofkent, @bengoldacre)
FBI releases American Samoa tsunami footage (wave arrives at 1:50).
http://news.bnonews.com/n7tr
(via @Colo_kea, @BreakingNews)
LCROSS spacecraft graphics from post impact press briefing, with added captions.
http://www.planetary.org/blog/article/00002159/
(via @elakdawalla)
LCROSS impact recap with 3 animations.
http://www.planetary.org/blog/article/00002153/
(via @elakdawalla)
Nice article on the value of funding curiousity-driven research: "Blue skies have a way of turning into pots of gold"
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/columnists/guest_contributors/article6866929.ece
Last time carbon dioxide levels were this high: 15 million years ago, and temps were 5-10 C higher!
http://www.physorg.com/news174234562.html
(via @physorg_com)
Want to draw a sedimentary log? Then this program might be for you (HT: Lost Geologist).
http://www.sedlog.com/
New data hints that Earth’s magnetic field was present 3.45 billion years ago.
http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2009/2009GC002496.shtml
(via @BoreholeGroup)
Biogeomorphology – Braiding vs. Meandering Rivers Evolution of plants->more of latter – just as I guessed!
http://my.opera.com/nielsol/blog/2009/10/08/biogeomorphology-braiding-vs-meandering-rivers
(via @olelog)
Eureka! New science magazine out today. Got Times today for a look, 1st impression q positive…
http://timesonline.typepad.com/science/2009/10/eureka-new-science-magazine-out-today.html
(via @TimesScience)
UKERC: peak oil is coming, but uncertain/unaudited data make it difficult to say when.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/8296096.stm, http://www.ukerc.ac.uk/support/tiki-index.php?page=Global+Oil+Depletion (report )
INCREDIBLE images shot through a microscope! Nikon’s Small World finalists:
http://www.pdnphotooftheday.com/2009/10/2252
(via @SciencePunk)
Any Geobloggers coming to #scio10? You may want to join in proposed Earth Sci session
http://www.scienceonline2010.com/index.php/wiki/Program_Finalization/
(via @stressrelated, @BoraZ)
Dave’s Landslide Blog: More images of the earthquake-triggered landslides in Sumatra
http://daveslandslideblog.blogspot.com/2009/10/more-images-of-earthquake-triggered.html
The Fall of the Maya: ‘They Did it to Themselves’ Interesting – can easily spot Mayan ruins from space!
http://www.physorg.com/news174152911.html
(via @physorg_com)
If you own an iPhone, get Moon Globe and Mars Globe for incredible dynamic 3D views of Moon and Mars!
http://www.planetary.org/blog/article/00002143/
(via @elakdawalla)
Why being a good scientist means not respecting your elders But elders might not appreciate disrespect!
http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2009/10/06/dont-respect-you-elders/
(via @DiscoverMag)
Nasa discovers ‘supersized’ Saturn ring Note picture is artist’s rendering.
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2009/oct/07/saturn-ring-nasa, http://gallery.spitzer.caltech.edu/Imagegallery/image.php?image_name=ssc2009-19c
(via @guardianscience)
Almost 1/3 of British 2ary school children believe Google ranks search results in order of truthfulness Oh dear.
http://www.theregister.co.uk/2009/10/06/google_rank_ofcom/
Another place I’d love to visit! Beautiful images from Galapagos Islands
http://www.galapagos.org/2008/index.php?s=gallery
(via @Colo_kea, @ESC_Chocolate)
Have you donated yet to the Geobloggers’ DonorsChoose challenge? Help kids learn the really cool science.
http://scienceblogs.com/highlyallochthonous/2009/10/geobloggers_need_your_help_to.php
Scientist reproduces Turin shroud. Though people who don’t believe C14 dating won’t believe this.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/8291948.stm
(via @SciencePunk)
Have I ever told you how much I want to visit Patagonia? Glacier Outlet, S Patagonian Ice Field, Chile
http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=40566&src=iotdrss
(via @EarthObser)
Epic series from Geotripper: A "Brief" (Geological) History of the Colorado Plateau A future field guide, perhaps?
http://geotripper.blogspot.com/2009/10/time-beyond-imagining-brief-history-of.html
North Sea petroleum (oil+natural gas) production from 1970 to 2008
http://europe.theoildrum.com/node/5836
(via @TheOilDrum)
I’m still playing with the formatting of this list, so let me know what you think.

Categories: links

LCROSS: the aftermath

A post by Chris RowanI was actually kept away from my computer during the LCROSS impact yesterday, but it turned out that there really wasn’t much to see on any of the live feeds. However, the impact of the upper stage ‘bullet’ showed up nicely on LCROSS’s infra-red camera:

LCROSS infrared image showing flash from impact of Centaur stage
image courtesy of Emily Lakdawalla at the Planetary Society Blog

Emily also reports that the LCROSS spectrometer definitely registered something above the impact site, although we’ll have to wait a bit before we hear whether that something included the hoped-for water.
Thinking about it, seeing anything in the visual spectrum was was always going to be tricky: the impact was deliberately aimed at a spot in deep shadow , so debris would have to be thrown up pretty high for sunlight to illuminate it. Indeed, judging from what I caught of the post-mission press conference, none of the scientists leading the mission seemed particularly surprised by the lack of visual fireworks. I suppose that we were all somewhat spoilt by the pictures from Deep Impact.

flash from Deep Impact impact
Image from NASA

On the other hand, none of the publicity about this mission over the last few days seems to have gone out of it’s way to downplay expectations of a big kaboom (I was a little disappointed, and I was only expecting something on the lines of a little-to-middling puff). Public engagement is obviously a good thing, but engaging people labouring under a false assumption could easily backfire.

Categories: geology, planets