When people think of volcanoes, they imagine large, devastating eruptions and lava streams gushing from the summit of an edifice. However, even when volcanoes are not visibly 'active', there can be more lurking below the surface.  Hydrothermal alteration is one of the important and often less-talked-about culprits that changes dome-forming rocks and minerals from within. It can occur in parallel with other processes, and, therefore, it might flow under the radar. As a matter of fact, one in five historical volcanic collapses recorded since 1500 AD have been caused by hydrothermal alteration. Good thing that today's post will cover the whys, hows and know-how of hydrothermal alteration.

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While it's true that That Movie launched the dinosaur obsessions of (possibly) millions in '93, it's always important to remember that it rode in on the peak of a wave of Dinomania inspired by the Dinosaur Renaissance. Dinosaurs were no longer ...

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Hot on the heels of the discovery of Diplodocus in Spain (Sánchez-Fenollosa et al. 2026), I am publicly committing to this prediction. I think it's inevitable that someone will find an apatosaurine in Europe, for the following reasons:

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I sat down today (and yesterday, and the day before that, and also last week...) to write about trees, as I often do. Backyard trees, specifically ? part of my ongoing fascination with how we can reimagine private land as a public good in our citie...

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Driest Rio Grande flow on record Updating my "drought and climate change" lecture each fall is a useful exercise - this year more useful than most. Much like the year itself, my slide deck is setting all time records for new data visualizatio...

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Deciphering Earth's geological history is no easy feat. For undergraduate students beginning their journey in geology, identifying a rock and drawing connections with relevant geodynamic processes occurring over millions of years can be a challenge. In this week's blog post, Phillip Ruscia explains how virtual reality (VR) and the High Immersion Virtual Experiences (HIVE) research lab at the University of Toronto are bridging the "abstraction gap" and preparing the next generation of geoscientists.

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Sustainable development alum Dylan Dettloff used his Columbia Climate School Collaborative Research Grant to develop a Python-based decision tool to help rural and water-scarce communities identify the most suitable desalination technologies....

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The Climate School is excited to again serve as Climate Group's education partner and host a full lineup of events on and off campus throughout the week....

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NASA's New Horizons is poised to make discoveries about the farthest reaches of our Solar System, but two of its key instruments are in danger of being shut down prematurely....

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Ralph Alger Bagnold (3 April 1896 - 28 May 1990) was a British engineer, geomorphologist, desert explorer, and soldier. His work fundamentally changed our understanding of sediment transport. His pioneering studies of wind-blown sand and desert dunes established a quantitative, physics-based approach to aeolian geomorphology.

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What happens if sea level rise, hurricane wind strength, or other factors turn out worse than expected?...

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Emriver is happy to introduce a new online venue for river and coastal labs. We've partnered with SERC (the Science Education Resource Center at Carleton College) to create a platform where educators can share ideas, pro tips, and content lessons across the globe. There are about 900 Emriver stream tables and flumes globally, and SERC has more than 5 million visitors to its site each year. By tapping into the expertise and creativity of teachers and researchers like you, we can help improve education about rivers and coasts around the world.

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 https://youtu.be/IULLrU3O9iw?si=dlH-xXvHfcCjo716...

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Disneyland's Big Thunder Mountain

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Tyson Lake is a small pond on the upper edge of Piedmont at the top of Indian Gulch's watershed. It's invisible to everyone but the homeowners around it.

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New research may offer cities an overlooked pathway for reduce methane emissions while potentially saving consumers millions of dollars lost to wasted natural gas....

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We are continuing with our fieldwork theme. Have you tried using "Fieldwork: interactive re-creation; activities using simple transportable apparatus to simulate features in the field"?

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The East-West Pipeline in Saudi Arabia which delivers oil to the shores of the Red Sea has been an important workaround to the choking of tanker traffic by Iran in the Strait of Hormuz, the only exit for tankers from the Persian ...

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Aristotle on the wisdom of Colorado River Compact litigation: Now, it is of great moment that well-drawn laws should themselves define all the points they possibly can and leave as few as may be to the decision of the judges.... [L]aws are made a...

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Michael Gerrard revisits the profound grief and overlooked environmental hazards of the World Trade Center attacks, including asbestos and toxic debris....

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The strongest response is rarely about one institution having all the answers. It is about people knowing whom to call, trusting one another, and being willing to share what they know....

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This summer (June/July/August) was America's hottest on record, at an average temperature of 74.7 °F: That's the summer average of daily mean temperature (which is the average of the daily high and daily low) for the conterminous U.S. (a.k.a. CO...

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A new shape on Saturn, new Artemis spacesuits, and a new look at Star Trek....

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Climate models are particularly challenging because they are developed over decades by large international teams and contain millions of lines of code. As models evolve, older versions can become difficult to locate, maintain, or even identify.

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In 2025, Climate of the Past celebrated its 20th anniversary. Over the past two decades, the journal has become a leading open-access publication in paleoclimatology. It provides a platform for research into how the Earth's climate has changed over time, and how these changes can inform our understanding of the current climate system.

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